A general requirement for a DBMS is to adhere to accepted industry standards for a data access language.
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Structured Query Language (SQL)
SQL is a set-based declarative language that provides an interface to an RDBMS such as Oracle Database.
Procedural languages such as C describe how things should be done. SQL is nonprocedural and describes what should be done.
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SQL is the ANSI standard language for relational databases. All operations on the data in an Oracle database are performed using SQL statements. For example, you use SQL to create tables and query and modify data in tables.
A SQL statement can be thought of as a very simple, but powerful, computer program or instruction. Users specify the result that they want (for example, the names of employees), not how to derive it. A SQL statement is a string of SQL text such as the following:
CopySELECT first_name, last_name FROM employees;
SQL statements enable you to perform the following tasks:
- Query data
- Insert, update, and delete rows in a table
- Create, replace, alter, and drop objects
- Control access to the database and its objects
- Guarantee database consistency and integrity
SQL unifies the preceding tasks in one consistent language. Oracle SQL is an implementation of the ANSI standard. Oracle SQL supports numerous features that extend beyond standard SQL.
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